Neuropsychology aims to investigate and establish the relationship between brain functioning and behavior.
In Neuropsychological Assessment, each of the brain's capabilities is accessed, through specific instruments, tests and techniques. For example: attentional and executive functions, learning new information, memory in its different aspects and intellectual functioning. Neuropsychological Assessment makes it possible to understand the patient's cognitive abilities and difficulties, assist with medical diagnosis, plan rehabilitation and direct treatment.
It is a process composed of three stages: anamnesis (collection of personal data), evaluation (application of instruments, tests and techniques) and feedback (presentation of results, guidance and delivery of the report).
After the Neuropsychological Assessment, the patient who is indicated may begin a Neuropsychological Rehabilitation program. It has three main objectives: cognitive stimulation (exercises to develop attention, planning and memory capabilities, for example), development of compensatory strategies for better functioning in day-to-day activities and family guidance.
Some indications for neuropsychological assessment and rehabilitation:
Neurofeedback is a non-invasive technique, based on the concepts of neuroscience and psychology, associated with technology. During the session, the patient uses specific equipment, with sensors that capture electromagnetic brain waves, of different types, which correspond to different behavior patterns. There are waves related to better attentional performance, for example, and others related to deeper states of relaxation.
In Neurofeedback sessions we train cognitive functions, through exercises, activities and music, aiming to modulate and produce waves at an ideal frequency and thus improve brain function.
The brain functions especially worked on in Neurofeedback are the capabilities of concentration, maintenance of attention, divided and alternating attention, planning, mental flexibility and impulse control. Although memory is not a function directly stimulated by neurofeedback, improvements can be observed as a result of attentional improvements.
The interesting thing about this technique is that the waves are captured and processed by a computer, which at the same time returns the information to the patient in graphs, visual markers, games, etc. With this, the patient can assess whether they are reaching their goal, which aspect needs improvement and then make attempts and develop strategies to change the pattern, so that cognitive change effectively happens.
To work on anxiety and stress symptoms, we also use Biofeedback. In this, a sensor is placed on the patient's fingertip to detect their heart rate. Meanwhile, the patient performs exercises and techniques to improve symptoms and, as with Neurofeedback, they will be able to view and intervene in real time on their results. Here we seek the state of cardiac coherence, which is when the body comes into balance, reducing physical and psychological problems.
These techniques are used within a Neuropsychological Rehabilitation process. Other tools are associated with the treatment, guidance is provided for the development of compensatory strategies, in addition to family guidance when necessary.
These techniques can be indicated for:
